Climate Change Is The Consequence Of Global Warming

â€Å"The Earth is not dying, it is being killed. And the people who are killing it have names and addresses†-Utah Phillips. Climate change is something that, for the most part, human activity has control over. This is in effect because the reasons for climate change includes the burning of coal, oil and natural gas to fuel factories, operate home life, as well as inside school and work buildings, all of which incorporate human interaction. The result of this sends carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. Separate greenhouse gases are also produced by humans and that allows nitrous oxide and methane to be absorbed as well. These types of gases are from fertilizers, sewage treatments plants and the result of rotted vegetation. Climate change has often been confused with global warming, which in fact has an opposite meaning. Climate change in truth is the consequence of global warming. This is because when the temperature increases, the additional energy modifies all the patterns of which humans are familiar with. It refers to â€Å"long-term change† in Earth’s climate which includes warming, cooling, and other changes besides temperature. Global warming is the temperature increase assembled by adding the greenhouse gases to the atmosphere. It is a â€Å"long-term increase† in Earth’s average temperature. Amongst the several millions of people who have contributed to the pollution of the grounds of which they stand on, the change of climate has rapidly increased with each year. Climate changeShow MoreRelatedGlobal Warming: Contemporary Issues Companion1526 Words   |  7 PagesIn January 200l the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), a group of scientific experts assembled by the United Nations, released a frightening report on the potential consequences of the climate phenomenon known as global warming. The panel found that the 1990s had been the warmest decade on record and predicted that temperatures will rise anywher e from 2.5 to 10.4 degrees around the world over the next century, causing changes to global weather patterns. Indeed, unusual and frequentlyRead MoreGlobal Warming And The Greenhouse Gases1720 Words   |  7 PagesMany people know that global warming is an issue in today’s world because news media and politicians always talk about global warming and the greenhouse gasses. It seems like an issue that is not going to go away, and it is going to stick around for some time. As early as in 2006, Al Gore, the former vice-president of the United States, said that the burning of the fossil fuels was one of the reasons that increased the amount of carbon dioxide, and he said that if carbon dioxide could melt the polarRead MoreGlobal Warming And Its Effect On The Global Environment1144 Words   |  5 PagesGlobal warming has emerged as one of the most serious concerns for scientists and environmentalists in the 21st century. This is based on the negative impact of global warming, wh ich is not limited to deforestation, drastic variations in climate, decline in output of global agricultural industry, degradation of ice sheets in Antarctic, decrease in ocean productivity, rise in sea levels, and increase in tornadoes, hurricanes and floods. The primary reason for global warming has been identified asRead MorePros and Cons: Global Warming Essay917 Words   |  4 PagesAlleged Global Warming has been a hot topic and been widely reported in the American media since the 1970s. In March 2014, TED, a nonprofit committed to expanding ideas with short talks, gave a powerful presentation of the alleged current consequences of Global Warming in Gavin Schmidt’s (2014) talk: The emergent patterns of climate change. His claims are stark and he implores his audience to take the grave predictions of Global Warming seriously and not just write it off as insignificant. WhileRead MoreThe Issue Of Global Warming1338 Words   |  6 PagesOver the past years, the controvers ial issue of global warming has been primarily brought to the attention of the public. Global warming is generally assumed to be the main cause of rising average global temperature. The climate on the Earth is changing and there is no big surprise. It is believed that global warming is caused by many natural and manmade activities, which is affecting the planet by the seconds, minutes, hours, days, and years. Many may not even care about this serious issue, butRead MoreClimate Change Essays1637 Words   |  7 Pagesclimatologists, the notion of Global warming today is commonly heard but very misunderstood. One might ask, what exactly is global warming and should we care? According to What is Global Warming? in LiveScience, global warming is a gradual increase in the temperature of Earths surface and atmosphere, that has become a world-wide environmental issue.1(Lallanilla,2013) Similarly, this topic is one of great controversy because of widely differing opinions on current global warming rates and the impact byRead MoreWhat Are The Risks Of Climate Change And Global Warming?1513 Words   |  7 Pages What Are The Risks Of Climate Change And Global Warming? One can not disagree with the fact that the Earth s climate is changing and it has genuinely become a global problem for mankind. It goes without saying that the fact of the global climate change is confirmed by scientific observations and is not disputed by most scholars. And yet, apparently, there are ongoing discussions around this topic. Some use the term global warming and make apocalyptic predictions, while others predict the onsetRead MoreGlobal Warming And Its Effects1544 Words   |  7 PagesGlobal warming is one of the vigorously discussed topic on Earth today. According to a TechMedia Network, â€Å"Global warming is the term used to describe a gradual increase in the average temperature of the Earth’s atmosphere and its oceans, a change that is believed to be permanently changing the Earth’s climate.† (â€Å"Global Warming †¦ Effects†). We have been witnessing the change in Earth’s climate since past few years, and we are well awar e of the consequences of climate change as well. Global warmingRead MoreBelieve It Or Not, Global Warming1302 Words   |  6 PagesPamela Young Professor Ms. Panto English 105 12 December 2016 Believe it or Not, Global Warming Many people believe that global warming is a hoax, whereas others claim global warming is a real phenomenon. Global warming is an increase in temperature on our planet Earth, in the water and on land. We are experiencing an increase of temperature as a result of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere because of human activities. Scientific research is proving that since the Industrial Revolution began, humanRead MoreHumans Are Responsible For Global Warming877 Words   |  4 Pagesinternet about ice caps melting and strong storms devastating cities. Global warming is a serious issue that should be put in consideration. However, before trying to fix such issue. We should focus on what is causing global warming. Humans are responsible for global warming. Even though, most of the earth’s population deny being responsible for global contamination/global warming. A slight change on temperature can cause a big change on the earth’s weather and environment (i.e. ice caps melting or long

U.s. News And World Report - 1042 Words

Recently U.S. News World Report published an article explaining to consumers who care why there must have iPhone is so costly lately. The reason is simple, there is a lack of competition in this market. When a lack on competition exists in a market it allows large firms, like Apple, to set their prices wherever they please (Soergel). A recent group of professors at Cornell University just did a market survey and discovered â€Å"a systematic decline in the number of publically traded firms over the last two decades.† The article reports the number of publically traded companies in the United States has decreased by 50% in only the last twenty years (Soergel). This decline in publically traded companies means certain industries, if not all,†¦show more content†¦Current research shows that it costs Apple $236 to produce and put together their 16 gig iPhone 6s Plus and they are selling it on their website for a whopping $749 (Soergel). That means the company is making o ver $500 in profits from just one phone! While it might baffle you that Apple is marking up their prices to that extreme it’s even more surprising when you realize that they legally aren’t doing anything wrong at all. The company is simply taking advantage of their low competition and the fact that customers will pay large sums for these new phones (Soergel). Apple has proved to an innovative leader throughout the past and now has the largest market share of any phone manufacturer both in the United States and China (Soergel). Lessening competition and rising prices have led many people to question when government regulators will intervene if at all. During the past few years regulators have been scrutinized for their lack of involvement. In the recent past multiple large mega-mergers have been approved even though these type of mergers have and continue to lead to freedom to charge whatever those companies want to (Soergel). Antitrust laws work to regulate these marke ts and keep them from turning into full fledge monopolies. The Sherman Act was established in 1890 and made it illegal to restrict interstate trade by any means and outlawed attempting to monopolize. The Clayton Act which was established in 1914 outlawed

Apollo 13 A Successful Failure Essay Example For Students

Apollo 13: A Successful Failure Essay During a modification of Oxygen Tank No. 2 by NASA contractor, North American Rockwell, it was inadvertently dropped about 2 inches, which caused undetected damage to the interior assemblies. This damage eventually led the failure of the $400-million Apollo 13 mission. The crew of Apollo 13 was responsible for several scientific experiments that were to be carried out during the mission. Atmospheric electrical phenomena experiments were designed to study certain aspects of launch-phase electricalphenomena.An opportunity to study large mass impact phenomena on the Moon was available with this mission. Instead of sending the third stage of the launch vehicle into solar orbit, as had been done on previous missions, the trajectory of the Apollo 13 S-IVB was designed to cause it to hit the lunar surface.Equipment set up during the Apollo 12 mission would have been used to record the seismic signals.The crew was also assigned to install a heat flow experiment designed to measure the amount of heat coming from the inside of the Moon. This data would be used to determine whether the Moon actually had a molten core. This would provide new insight on the internal structure of the Moon. The Apollo spacecraft (CM) was named Odyssey and the lunar module (LM), A quarius. The CM was a conical pressure vessel with a maximum diameter of 3.9 m at its base and a height of 3.65 m. The CM was divided into three compartments, forward, aft, and the crew compartment. The forward compartment, in the nose of the cone, contained the three 25.4 m diameter main parachutes, two 5 m drogue parachutes, and pilot mortar chutes for Earth landing.The aft compartment, at around the base of the CM, contained propellant tanks, reaction control engines, wiring, and plumbing.Most of the volume of the CM, approximately 6.17m, is in the crew compartment. The lunar module was a two-stage vehicle designed for space operations near and on the Moon.The LM was originally designed to support two astronauts for 45 hours. The crew Commander was 42-year-old Navy Captain James A. Lovell, Jr. Lovells partner on the moon, the lunar module pilot, was Fred Haise, Jr. Assigned to remain in lunar orbit aboard Odyssey, the command module pilot, Navy Lieutenant Commander Thomas K. Matt ingly. Five days before the launch date of April 11th, it was discovered that a member of the backup crew, Air Force Major Charles M. Duke, Jr., had come down with rubella (German measles).The prime crew was given blood tests to determine if they had immunity. Lovell and Haise were cleared, but Mattingly was not. Having recently been exposed to rubella and because it was likely that he could get sick in flight, he was replaced with 34-year-old John L Swigert, Jr., who did have immunity. A test pilot, Swigert had a mechanical engineering degree from the University of Colorado and a Master of Science degree in aerospace science from Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute. The crew of Apollo 13 was boosted off Pad 39A of the Kennedy Space Center, right on time, at 2:13p.m., Easter Standard Time, Saturday, April 11, 1970. From the sounds, sights, and vibrations given off by the Saturn 5, the most powerful rocket in the world, everything seemed to be going smoothly to the casual observer. However, thi s was not the case. A series of minor flaws appeared during powered flight up through the atmosphere. Although not directly related, but precursors of the disaster to come two days later as the crew approached the Moon. During the firing of the Saturn 5s second stage, the center engine in a cluster of five cut off 132 seconds early as a result of unusually large oscillations in thrust chamber pressure. This caused the remaining four engines to burn 34 seconds longer than planned.This would, hopefully, take the vehicle to the planned acceleration at second stage cutoff. Even with this compensation, the velocity was 223 feet per second lower than planned. Again, the guidance computer attempted to correct this by causing the third stage, the S4B, to burn its single engine 9 seconds longer than programmed. Two hours and 35 minutes after launch, the crew fired the S4B a second time for a translunar injection.Once out of Earth orbit, Lovell performed a transposition maneuver. He moved the command module away from the S4B, turned it around, and docked nose first with the lunar module, still encapsulated in the forward section of the S4B. Once the maneuver was complete and the Lunar Module was secured to the Apollo command module, the crew activated springs that pushed the LM-Apollo stack away from the S4B. As the stack moved away from the S4B, controllers at Houston directed it to its predetermined lunar crash site.At this point, all was well and the crew went on as planned. At 9 p.m. on April 13th, Mission Control asked the crew to roll the spacecraft to the right about 60 degrees and try to photograph a comet named Benntt was supposed to be visible.They were also asked to stir the liquid oxygen and liquid hydrogen in the service module tanks in order to ensure proper feed to the fuel cell batteries, in which oxygen and hydrogen were mixed to produce electricity and as a by-product, water. Overpopulation 2 EssayThe root of this accident can be traced back to 1966, when the Beech Aircraft Corp. manufactured Tank No. 2. According to NASA, acceptance testing showed that heat was leaking into the tank at a higher rate than specifications permitted.After some reworking, the leakage was reduced, but was still considered to be unacceptable by the agency. The tank was finally accepted after a formal waiver of this discrepancy.Several other discrepancies that were regarded as minor by space agency inspectors were also accepted, according to NASA. These included oversized holes in the tank dome and electrical plug support and an oversized rivet hole in the heater assembly just above the lower fan. None of these items was regarded as serious in 1966 and none had anything to do with the explosion 4 years later. But they were symptomatic of a tendency toward oversight in which a more serious discrepancy could occur, undetected. After it was shipped to North America, Tank No. 2, serial number 10024X-TA0009 , was first installed in service module 106 for the flight of Apollo 10. However, Tank No. 2 was removed from this flight because of a decision by NASA to modify vacuum pump on the tank dome. The modification required the removal of the oxygen tanks and the shelf on which they were mounted in the Service Module. As Tank No. 2 was being removed, it was accidentally dropped about 2 inches. Testing showed this accident caused no apparent damage to the tank. After the vacuum pump modifications, the tank was installed in service module 109 for the flight of Apollo 13. Several weeks before each Apollo launch at the Kennedy Space Center, a countdown demonstration test series is carried out to detect any problems before the final countdown starts. During the demonstration test for Apollo 13, ground crews reported a problem in Tank No. 2. It could be filled normally, but could not be emptied in the normal way, by pumping gaseous oxygen into the vent line to push the liquid oxygen out through the fill line. This worked perfectly for Tank No.1, but not for Tank No. 2. Ground crews thought there was a loose fitting that allowed the gaseous oxygen being pumped in the vent line to escape through the fill line with out pushing out much liquid oxygen in the tank. Later, the possibility that the fitting had been loosened when the tank was dropped at North American months before was considered to be a possible cause of the problem. To empty the tanks, the ground crew turned on the heaters and fans to try to boil the oxygen from the tank. On March 27 and 28 the heaters and fans were turned on by applying 65 volts of direct current from the ground power supply for extended periods of 6 to 8 hours at a time. Unknown to the ground crew, this had set stage for the accident. The 65 volts was far too much for the thermostatic switches that controlled the heaters. They were designed to operate on 28 volts from the spacecraft fuel cell generators. Although the switches would carry 65 volts when closed, they would fail in the closed position if they started to ope n to interrupt the load. At one point, the switches did start to open and were then welded shut during the long period when the heaters were operating with 65 volts to boil the oxygen out of the tank. The failure of the thermostatically controlled switches allowed temperatures in the heater assembly to reach 1000F instead of shutting the heaters off at 80F. The fact that the safety switches had been welded shut and hence were not operating could have been detected at the Kennedy Space Center if someone had been watching heater current readings on Tank No. 2. Sensors would have shown that the heaters had exceeded that safety switch temperature limit. The blueprint for the accident was finally drawn by the Review Board. Because of a bump one day in the fall of 1969, a fitting might have been loosened. Because of that, a tank could not be emptied properly. Because of that, a ground crew applied the wrong voltage to the tank heaters. Because of an inadequate switch, overheating occurred, burning insulation off electrical wiring. Because of that, the wires eventually short circuited and a $400-million mission was aborted. BibliographyBibliographyCompton, David. Apollo 13: A Successful Failure.https://www.liftoff.msfc.nasa.gov/Academy/History/Apollo-13/Mission-Report.html. Davis, William. Apollo 13 Command and Service Module (CSM). http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/tmp/1970-029A.htmlDumoulin, Jim. Apollo-13. https://www.science.ksc.nasa.gov/history/apollo.htmlHoward, Ron. Apollo 13. Universal Pictures. 1995. Lewis, Richard S. The Voyages of Apollo: The Exploration of the Moon. Toronto:Fitzhenry ; Whiteside, Ltd., 1974. Neal, Valerie, Cathleen S. Lewis, and Frank H. Winter. Spaceflight. New York:Macmillian, 1995.

Westward Expansion Essays - Presidency Of James K. Polk,

Westward Expansion The Westward Expansion has often been regarded as the central theme of American history, down to the end of the19th century and as the main factor in the shaping of American history. As Frederick Jackson Turner says, the greatest force or influence in shaping American democracy and society had been that there was so much free land in America and this profoundly affected American society. Motives After the revolution, the winning of independence opened up the Western country and was hence followed by a steady flow of settlers to the Mississippi valley. By 1840, 10 new western states had been added to the Federal union. The frontier line ran through Iowa, Missouri and Arkansas on the western side of the river. All parts of the valley except Wisconsin and Minnesota were well populated. Thus a whole new section had been colonized with lasting effects on the American institutions, ideals and ways of living. The far west was the land of high mountains, deserts, strange rock formations, brilliant colors and immense distance. Fur trade with Europe had now become a lucrative business and the fur traders became the pathfinders for the settlers. Migration was now possible by the discovery of paths over which ox-driven carts could be driven through seeking mountains and across the western desert. People wanted to move away from the overcrowded cities and this led to the migration into the uninhabited lands. Increased transportation like roads, railroads and canals and their construction created a demand for cheap labor making it easier for people to get jobs now, in contrast with the cities where there was unemployment. The pioneer movement for 70 years after the revolution roughly represented the form of 3 parallel streams, flowing westwards from New England, Virginia and South Carolina. The first pioneer groups tended to move directly westward. Thus the new Englanders migrated into western New York and along the shores of the great lakes, Virginians into Kentucky and then into Missouri and the South Carolinians and Georgians into the gulf territories. Throughout the settlement of the Mississippi valley, most pioneers did not travel long distances and as a territory had been occupied, families would move into the adjacent one. There were boom periods of great activity, during which million acres of land were sold, alternated with depression periods during which there was little further expansion of the frontier and many disappointed pioneers even backtracked from the west to the east. When the treaty of Paris was signed in 1783, the Americans had thought that they had enough land between the Atlantic coast and the Mississippi river. Yet in 1803, by the Louisiana Purchase, the area of the United States doubled and not long after, it was augmented by the half-purchase-half-conquest of Florida. By the end of 1820, as many as 6 states were created, east of Mississippi-Indiana (1816), Mississippi (1817), Alabama (1819), Maine (1820) and Missouri (1821). By the 1830s, the frontier line had been carried to Iowa, Missouri and Arkansas-about one-third of the way across the continent. By the 1840s, the expansionist policy, typified by the Manifest Destiny doctrine, became very strong with many sections willing to go to war to acquire more land. Slavery became a bone of contention between the Northern and southern states with the control of the senate in question. The South wanted expansion to increase slave states, the North to keep the balance with free states and the West wanting expansion to increase their land. The antagonism between the North and the South sees the beginnings of sectionalism leading to the civil war later. The spirit of equality becomes a banner with which the expansionist policy was proclaimed. Phases Of Development Before the 1830s, most sections of the west passed through the same phases of development in a regular order. The first white men to usually enter a new area were the hunters and fur trappers, who had extraordinary skills to open up a new path through wilderness, finding food for themselves and dealing with the Indians. These men explored the country and brought news of its resources back to the east. In many regions, the second phase was cattle ranching while some also passed through the mining phase. Parts of Missouri and Wisconsin, for example were settled by lead miners. Behind the cattle ranchers or miners came the first farmers, who were often squatters with no legal title to land. They were frequently restless and were impatient of the restrictions of civilised society, and were not interested in making permanent houses. Many of them, had a