Review of Accounting Ethics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Review of Accounting Ethics - Essay Example Accounting ethics, which are set by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB), and the Securities and Exchange Commission (Audi, 2009). The ethics are contained in the accounting principles that dictate the way businesses should account for their sales, profits, and costs. The principles are known as the International Financial Reporting standards, and these govern mainly public organizations, which are required to publish their annual statements. In the last decade, there has risen cases of bleach of accounting ethics, and this raised questions among investors concerning the effectiveness of the business environment (Kushniroff, 2011). The cases involved organizations such as Enron, Tyco, WorldCom, and Yahoo among others. The rise of these cases triggered the implementation of several regulations in the accounting sector, which include the requirement for accountability and the involvement of the community in dealing with cases that concern bleach of ethics. The accounting environment requires state corporations to reveal their annual statements to the public through the media. The accounting boards require companies also to employ internal and external auditors to verify the annual statements. Business stakeholders such as investors and shareholders are now more aware of business ethics than they were in the last decade. This indicates that the business environment and regulations are conducive for ethical behavior (Kushniroff, 2011). Those who break the rules are individuals who are mainly interested in making personal gains rather than companies. 2. Based on your research, describe the organization, the accounting ethical breach and the impact to the organization related to ethical breach. Tyco is a company that offers fire fighting and prevention equipments to industries such as banking, transportation, health care, and marine in over fifty countries in the globe. Kozlowski, the chief Executive of the Company in 2002, bleached the accounting prin ciples of the firm by assigning himself illegal bonuses worth six hundred million dollars. The executive also used the company’s finances personally by purchasing expensive jewels and organizing private parties (SEC, 2002). The company suffered the loss of finances that were used by the executive to satisfy his personal needs. Tyco also wasted finances when following up the case against the executive; this money would have been used more efficiently had the case not arisen. The organization also lay off numerous workers. These consequences led to the decline in the company’s sales and profits that consequently reduced price of the firm’s stock (Kushniroff, 2011). 3. Determine how the organizational ethical issue was detected and how management failed to create an ethical environment. The case against the CEO of Tyco company was brought to light by Robert Morgenthau, a Manhattan District Attorney in 2002 (SEC, 2002). The attorney discovered the fraud while he was investigating cases of tax evasion against Kozolowski. The investigation of tax evasion had been ordered by the Securities and Exchange Commission, which had discovered that Tyco was settling personal taxes for Kozolowski. Robert disclosed the fraudulent statements that he discovered in the company’s books to the SEC, which then launched further investigations. The management of the company had failed to cover personal expenses with their salaries. The investigation

Evaluating the Sustainability of the Eu Policy Essay Example for Free

Evaluating the Sustainability of the Eu Policy Essay

Comparing Merchant’sThe Death of Nature and Thomas’ Man and the Natural

Comparing Merchant’sThe Death of Nature and Thomas’ Man and the Natural World    The works of Carolyn Merchant and Keith Thomas pertain to the same subject matter and even to the same time period. Nevertheless, in comparing their interpretations of the evidence and the presentation of their arguments concerning the history of mankind’s relationship with nature in Tudor and Stuart England through the Scientific and Industrial Revolutions, we find that they are quite different. Merchant presents us with a rather one-sided, retrospective attack on science as the root of all environmental evil, while Thomas offers a relatively neutral, prospective look at how the people of this time reacted to the changing views of nature and what, exactly, caused these views to change. The theme running through Merchant’s book, The Death of Nature, is one of pessimism toward science. Her main argument is that the root of today’s environmental problems can be found in the early modern period, an era in which, Merchant says, nature was robbed by science of its right to life and spirit and became, effectively, a machine. According to Merchant, in the early 16th century with the rise of modern science and technology, mankind’s view of nature as a living being changed and nature became a machine to be dominated, dismantled and its secrets discovered, no matter what the cost. Of the many examples Merchant uses to illustrate her point, none seems so warranted as that of Sir Francis Bacon, the father of modern science. We follow Bacon through Merchant’s book as one of the ringleaders of the movement to mechanize and de-spiritualize nature. "The Baconian method," says Merchant, "advocated power over nature through manual manipulation, technology, and... ...covery, he does imply that, with new theological interpretations raising moral standards and with new scientific discovery, nature was, so to speak, given back some of its rights as a living organism. While Thomas and Merchant argue different sides of the same coin, the two authors do agree on one thing: that, like the lyrics of a popular rock song, "video killed the radio star," something new seems to have "killed" the organic view of nature in the early modern period. But while Merchant stops there, pessimistically asserting that we have not moved beyond the "death of nature," Thomas believes that science, as opposed to being merely an enemy of nature, actually resuscitated it, saving it from the earlier, anthropocentric view of Tudor and Stuart England. Works Cited Merchant, Carolyn. The Death of Nature, Thomas, Keith. Man and the Natural World.

CDR Engineer

I had worked as vascular support engineer to support the cardio vascular imaging systems in the region assigned to me. I had taken the responsibility to manage the overall service delivery and ensure the customer satisfaction to the optimum level. I provided expert phone and/or onsite technical support to field service and customers to minimize equipment downtime while improving customer satisfaction. I had taken additional responsibility to connect and configure all the imaging systems to the remote online centre through broad band and virtual private network connectivity.Since I was the technical support for the region, I had the responsibility to take care of the difficult technical issues which could not be solved by the field service engineers. I had taken initiative to perform the power and grounding audit for the southern region of India. I had been responsible to build the technical support team. i had reported on solid line to the regional service manager and dotted line to all India service manager. I had been assigned to handle and solve the frequent failure in mobile cardiac catheterization imaging system in one of our important end user site.This system had multiple breakdown and image quality issues. I had to solve the issue and bring back the customer confidence level in our equipment quality and service delivery. I had taken it as a challenge and started the work at the site. This Free CDR Template is brought to your courtesy of gettingdownunder. com – Free Australian Immigration advice and resources for those looking to make the move down under. Personal Workplace Activity: Prior to start the service work , i had gone through the service log books and the error log files of the system to know the root cause of the multiple  and frequent failure of the system.The data analysis from the log book and the service files, I found some serious power quality and grounding issue on the site. I had decided to conduct the preliminary power and qu ality audit in the site. I inspected the power distribution panel and found the power cable size was under rated and unable to take the load. During the imaging system usage these power feeding cables started heating up and resulted in cable insulation meltdown. So I recommended to change the power feeding cables with the correct size to withstand the load.I measured the ground impedance and found it extremely high. So I inspected the earth pit and found the bonding between the earth wire and the earth rod open. The electrical maintenance department of the hospital informed and corrective action had been taken immediately. Once the corrective action was taken, I measured the ground impedance again and found within the recommended level. I had booted up the imaging system and run the system diagnostic tests to isolate the problem. From the diagnostic test results, I suspected the problem in the High voltage and the control electronics.The high voltage circuit consists of inverter cir cuit, HV voltage tank with the filament transformer, HV cables for the anode and the cathode, and the x-ray tube. The block diagram as follows Since there was no x-ray output from the tube, I started the troubleshooting from the snubber board which feed the primary side of the HV tank. The snubber board contains four Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistors that switches the very large currents applied to the input of the large step – up transformer in the High voltage tank.This pcb is designed with very low DC resistance and inductance to minimize the voltage drops at high currents. The resistorcapacitor-diode network on the board is used to damp the IGBT switch spikes. P. E. 2. 8 Due to the absence of x-ray generation, the system displayed low MA and low KV error message on the console monitor. This is due to absence of output from the secondary side of the HV tank. So I switched off the entire system and I checked the 400v, 70amps semiconductor fuse on the snubber board and foun d it defective.This fuse might be blown due to the fault current generated from the x-ray tube spit. The x-ray tube spit is generated in the glass tube insert of the x-ray due to the formation of metallization on the glass walls. Then I checked This Free CDR Template is brought to your courtesy of gettingdownunder. com – Free Australian Immigration advice and resources for those looking to make the move down under. resistance between IGBT emitter terminal and the chassis ground with the true RMS multimeter and found short. This indicated the damage of wire insulation in the IGBT.I found both the IGBT module faulty with the emitter to chassis ground short. So I replaced the IGBT module with the new one. After the replacement of IGBT module, I removed the anode and cathode HV cable on the tube side and inspected the HV cable connector and found lot of carbon deposits due to the tube spit. The carbon deposit on the HV cable pins hamper the effective conductivity, so I cleaned th e connectors with Chemotronics Electro-wash solution. I checked the HV receptacle well on the xray tube and found it completely damaged.The insulation between the filament supply and grid was completely lost. So I found it not repairable and the entire x ray tube assembly needed the replacement. I replaced the x-ray tube assembly with the new one. Before the power on, I decided to double check the HV tank which is the main part of HV Circuit. The HV tank develops the extremely high voltage necessary to operate the x-ray tube (up to 125kv). The tank includes resonant step up transformer, high voltage rectifiers, x-ray tube filament transformers, output ma and KV sensors and connectors.I checked the rectifiers and the primary and secondary windings of the transformer for any defect and found everything ok. P. E. 2. 11 Then I decided to do the KV in Open Loop test in HV tank. So I removed the HV cables on the HV tank output and filled the HV tank output receptacle with mineral oil. Lat er I switched on the system and run the KV open loop test and it passed ok. Then I restored the HV cable connection between the tank and the x-ray tube in system off state. P. E. 2. 12 The x-ray tube and IGBT module replacement required the following calibration and adjustments for the normal and safe function of the systemIGBT Module Dead time wave form adjustments Filament Calibration KV and MA metering calibration Radiation dose calibration First I had to adjust the dead time between the KV drives signals on each of the IGBT pairs to proceed with the other calibration properly. The improper dead time adjustment might lead to damage of IGBT and the Generator driver board (which supplies the trigger pulse to the IGBT module). I connected the dual trace oscilloscope on the test points on the Generator driver board and observed the waveform of both the IGBT drive signal.I found the drive signal between the base and emitter of the IGBTs out of tolerance during the peak load. So this m ight lead to cross-conduction in the IGBT module and the destruction of IGBT module. This Free CDR Template is brought to your courtesy of gettingdownunder. com – Free Australian Immigration advice and resources for those looking to make the move down under. The Generator driver PCB’s primary job is to convert the KVP drive signal from the High Voltage Supply regulator PCB to the levels necessary to drive the IGBTs on the SNUBBER PCB.So I connected the oscilloscope in the high voltage regulator PCB test points and found the amplitude and frequency of the waveforms normal. So the root cause was isolated and identified with the Generator driver PCB. The problem was found on two of comparator’s output drives the gate transformers, which provide isolation from the high current circuitry and from high voltages present on each of the IGBT module. The defective comparator IC chips were removed and replaced with the new one. After the replacement of the comparator IC ch ips the drive signals were found normal.I had proceeded with the IGBT dead time adjustment with the scope meter connected with the generator driver PCB and set it within the safer limit. I had checked the waveforms on the scope meter during the peak load condition and found ok. I performed the filament calibration at different KV and Ma station and updated the system filament drive database. This updated database might be used by the filament driver PCB to drive the filament transformer to output correct x-ray tube current according the radiation technique.After the filament calibration, I adjusted the KV and MA metering adjustment to sense and display the correct KV and MA value of X-ray tube on the console during the time radiation exposure. Also I aligned the X-ray beam with the image intensifier in different Field of views. Subsequently I had run the collimator calibration for adjusting the collimator blades in different field of views. The camera Iris opening is adjusted to set the radiation dose at a safer limit recommended by the manufacturer. The image quality was tuned to optimum level. SummaryI had checked and tuned the imaging system for the optimum image quality. I run different exposure techniques with the Image Quality Signature Test Phantom and found the values within the specification. The customer was delighted with the performance and the This Free CDR Template is brought to your courtesy of gettingdownunder. com – Free Australian Immigration advice and resources for those looking to make the move down under. image quality of the system after the completion of the service work. It was a challenge for me to troubleshoot the system with multiple failures.During the course of trouble shooting I analyzed the circuits and isolated the problem areas with the help of the knowledge acquired from my field experience and engineering course. I had learnt and applied different troubleshooting techniques to solve this issues. In nutshell I had cons idered this project as important milestone in my learning process and in my career advancement. This Free CDR Template is brought to your courtesy of gettingdownunder. com – Free Australian Immigration advice and resources for those looking to make the move down under.

“Chemistry” written by Graham Swift Essay

In the opening of the story, Graham Swift uses descritptive writing to give us a striking image of the pond, where he went with his grandfather and mother, â€Å"The pond in our park was circular, exposed, perhaps fifty yards across. When the wind blew, the little waves travelled across it and slapped the paved edges like a minature sea.† This helps the reader gain a more precise image in their head of the park where the narrator is, and it also helps make the story more interesting to read. The opening of the story is also parallel to the end. The narrator in the story, goes back to the pond at the end of the story, and again gives us good imagery description of it, â€Å"Dead willow leaves floated on it†. I found this interesting, because it makes the story cyclical, and may be a reminder of the journey of growing up and of the acceptance ‘ â€Å"You must accept it – you can’t get it back† ‘. It also convinces us to believe that the na rrator went back to the park, for wishful thinking – hoping that his grandfather would return and not wanting to left go of the past. When I first began reading the story, I believed that it was a female narrator. One of the reasonings for this is because it said, â€Å"My grandmother died suddenly†¦ all I know is that I must have had her looks.† However, we are later informed that the narrator is a ten year old boy. We aware of this because his mother calls him her â€Å"little man† and she also says, ‘ â€Å"He’s only ten, what can he know?† ‘. I find this extremely interesting in the story, because he appears to be extremely mature, intelligent and formal. Although he is only ten years old, he uses complex words and sentences such as â€Å"fundamentals of chemistry†, â€Å"haunches† and â€Å"reconciled them in mutual grief†. However, he is cold blooded as he rarely describes how he is feeling and has never mentioned about being upset when his father and grandmother died. This is an unusual perspective to use as he is so young, yet faced with traumatizing experiences, but I believe that the author has done this to highlight his innocent and because he will have few prejudices. This means he will tell the story how it is, without changing it to suit what he believes or his own opinions. An example of this, is when his father comes to see him. Although I believe that it is a dream, the narrator is convinced that his father came to see him – â€Å"That night father came to the bedroom. I knew it was him†. At the beginning of the story, I find it interesting, that the author describes the boat journey, over the pond towards grandfather as â€Å"trouble free†. Then, all of a sudden the boat sinks. I believe that the author purposely makes the boat sink when Ralph is immediately introduced to the story, â€Å"Then one day – it must have been soon after mother met Ralph – we watched the boat†¦ become deeper and deeper in the water.† This contrasts greatly with the boat journey on the pond before the boy’s mother met Ralph, and poses questions in the readers mind that Ralph is going to stop the boy’s and grandfathers â€Å"trouble free† life. I believe that this is interesting because he is indirectly warning the readers that Ralph is going to make things worse, which is symbolic of the sinking boat. An example of Ralph making things worse later in the story, is during meal times. This is because since Ralph’s appearance, the narrator’s mother would cook the things that only Ralph liked and forget to produce meals that grandfather was of. Thus resulting in arguments at meal times, when grandfather was sent out to his shed. Although the story is quite dull and morbid, the author uses humour, when the boy says, â€Å"I wondered how Grandmother could be at the bottom of the Irish Sea and at the same time what Father was doing there†. Again, this highlights his innocence and although it is humerous we are not laughing with him, but at his ignorance. In the story, there are many time shifts. Numerous times the narrator goes back in time, to update and tell the reader of a previous event, such as the relationships between his mother and grandfather before Ralph came along, and explaining why his mother and him came to live with his grandfather . This may be significant in the story because he preferred things in the past, compared to now. I find the relationship between the narrators mother and grandfather interesting. â€Å"He refused to leave the house in which my grandmother had lived, and my parents refused to leave theirs†, tells us that they are both arrogant and selfish and will not give in to their stubborness for one another. The narrator tells us that his mother is also hypocritical towards her father, â€Å"no matter how neglectful and even hurtful she might be to Grandfather herself, she wouldn’t have forgiven someone else’s hurting him†. Also, she tries to punish her father by isolating him from them (as he was â€Å"runing their meals†) by saying â€Å"do you want to take yours out to your shed?!† When he dies, her mother shows no remorse and â€Å"did not cry†. The narrator tells us that, it was as though she had â€Å"this look of relief, as if she had recovered from an illness†. The narrator does not say this, but we assume that the illness was her father. The boy believes that his mother is in love with Ralph, and would choose him over her father, â€Å"If Ralph hurts Grandfather it means I’m right – he doesn’t really care about mother at all; but if mother is cruel to Grandfather it means she really loves Ralph†. However, he also says â€Å"She looked trapped and helpless†, when Ralph and his mother were cuddling, which puts questions in our mind about their relationship and if she is truly happy. Within the story there are many hidden messages and meanings. There are many questions that remained unanswered too. An example of this is when the boy’s father came to visit him during the night. He says to him, ‘ â€Å"It was her. She made a hole in the bottom of the boat, not big enough to notice, so it would sink – so you and Grandfather would watch it sink. The boat sank – like my plane† ‘. The questions that this poses in my mind are: Did the boy’s mother kill her father? Did she kill the boys Grandfather? Is he looking for someone to blame? Did she purposely sink his boat? I think it is ironic that his father â€Å"visited† him, on the night that his Grandfather had died. I believe the author did this purposely to add more mystery and confusion to the story. Another example which raises hints and questions to the reader is the cherry laurel bushes that were growing in their garden. He says, â€Å"Only the cherry-laurel bushes were partly denuded – for some reason Grandfather had been picking their leaves.† Further on in the story, when the boy goes out to the shed, he begins questioning his Grandfather about the chemicals he had. ‘ â€Å"Laurel water. Prussic acid.† He smiled. â€Å"Not for drinking.† ‘ The smile may indicate to the reader that he is smiling to the boy through innocence; telling him to politely and informaly not to drink it, or he his smiling to himself, asthough he has something planned. Again, this poses more questions in my mind but it contradicts my believing that the boys mother killed the boys Grandfather, and because of this it adds more unanswered questions. Also in the story, I find interesting that the official verdict was â€Å"suicide by swallowing prussic acid†, which is an argument for his Grandafther commiting suicide (as he had some prussic acid in his shed), yet the boy is extremely cynical and believes his mother murdered her father. † But all of the other things that should have been explained – or confessed – she never did explain†, and â€Å"I wanted to tell them – about how suicide can be murder† indicate this to us. His mother says to the boy, ‘ â€Å"†¦he wouldn’t have lived much longer anyway† ‘ which may inform the reader that she is trying to justify her actions (murder). Throughout the story is the theme of chemistry and how things are â€Å"changed – not made†. His Grandfather’s job, before retirement, was gold-plating and now, in the shed in the garden, he carries out many experiments, â€Å"I don’t think Grandfather practised chemistry for any particular reason†.The chemistry Grandfather experiments with and changes is a metaphor of what is happening in the home, ‘ â€Å"People change too, don’t they?† ‘ His Grandfather replies with â€Å"They change. But the element’s don’t change.† This is telling the reader, that although people/elements can change and become something else, underneath it all they are still made of the same as they were before.

Commnicating with Opposite Sex essays

Commnicating with Opposite Sex essays Each of us came from a man and a woman, a mother, and a father. Our parents or the people who raised us had an important impact on our development. Each of us may have had one or more sisters or brothers who also had an impact on who we are. And each of our parents was also influenced by the family she or he was born into, the personalities and life situation they encountered, the struggles they had, the learning they brought to these struggles and passed on to their children. The point is whatever you grew up with; who your parent were, the kinds of lives they led, they way they related to each other and to you has been handed down to you and affects your attitudes and your sense of loyalty, direction, and responsibility. What you learn from your family still affects your life today. By recovering impressions, memories, and associations, you can open up your choices. You have little choice about how to change your behavior until you reflect on who you are. Our life scripts are shaped by the early lesson we learn from our family. I remember, when my mother use to advise me that proper communication is the key in establishing and maintaining a deep and satisfying marital relationship. It is the cornerstone of marriage. It reinforces trust that allow the partners to keep growing and acts a method by which you can share your problems, frustrations, fear, anxieties, hopes, and successes with the person who should be your best friend; your spouse. Being married for five years, l has seen that effective communication is a requirement for effective problem in an intimate relationship. How we communicate is the problem more often than what we communicate. If the way we communicate do not work with our partner, then our message of concern, and hope, and love may not get through. Without clear communication, we cannot make our needs known and we cannot ...

Historical Object Critique essays

Historical Object Critique essays The production of earthenware in Japan goes back to the Neolithic, or Jomon period , but the beginning of Japanese yaki as Westerners know it today, started in the early seventeenth century. Japanese feudal lords had invaded Korea and brought with them skilled Korean artisans. These artisans learned from the Chinese the ways of producing fine pottery. One of the skilled Korean artisans went by the name of Ri Sampei. He came to be known as the "father" of Japanese ceramics. As time went on, Japanese yaki production found its own style, although the influence of Chinese and Korean porcelain manufacturing always remained dominant. In addition, since the invasion of Korea, yaki has been a vital and successful art form in Japan. The Edo period was the era from which the piece I had modeled my project after was taken. The Edo period, is also referred to as the Tokugawa period after the name of the shogunate that ruled over Japan for 256 years. The Tokugawa brought peace and stability to the country, but at the costs of a repressive political style. During the Tokugawa reign, contacts with the outside world were completely stopped in 1624. Nagasaki was the only port open for commercial contacts with the outside world. Edo and Osaka were the economic and cultural centers of the Edo period. It was at these two metropolises that a wealthy new urban class gained influence. They moved the arts away from the aristocratic background and showed scenes from the life of common people. At the centers of Edo and Osaka, and throughout Japan, people amused themselves in theaters and in the amusement quarters. From a cultural point of view, the Edo period maybe was something like the pop culture of "swinging London" in the sixties and early seventies of the 20th century. The Edo period also provided a great deal of influence on potters creations. In this 268 year period, new, dramatic designs were created. New forms of cerami...

How to Work Mass Percent Problems in Chemistry

How to Work Mass Percent Problems in Chemistry Chemistry involves mixing one substance with another and observing the results. To replicate the results, its important to measure amounts carefully and record them. Mass percent is one form of measurement used in chemistry; understanding mass percent is important for accurately reporting in chemistry labs. What Is Mass Percent? Mass percent is a method of expressing the concentration of a substance in a mixture or element in a compound. It is calculated as the mass of the component divided by the total mass of the mixture and then multiplied by 100 to get the percent. The formula is: mass percent (mass of component / total mass) x 100% or mass percent (mass of solute / mass of solution) x 100% Usually, mass is expressed in grams, but any unit of measure is acceptable as long as you use the same units for both the component or solute mass and the total or solution mass. Mass percent is also known as percent by weight or w/w%.  This worked example problem shows the steps necessary to calculate mass percent composition. Mass Percent Problem In this procedure, we will work out the answer to the question What are the mass percentages of carbon and oxygen in carbon dioxide, CO2? Step 1: Find the mass of the individual atoms. Look up the atomic masses for carbon and oxygen from the Periodic Table. Its a good idea at this point to settle on the number of significant figures youll be using.  The atomic masses are found to be: C is 12.01 g/molO is 16.00 g/mol Step 2: Find the number of grams of each component make up one mole of  CO2. One mole of CO2 contains 1 mole of carbon atoms and 2 moles of oxygen atoms. 12.01 g (1 mol) of C32.00 g (2 mole x 16.00 gram per mole) of O The mass of one mole of CO2 is: 12.01 g 32.00 g 44.01 g Step 3: Find the mass percent of each atom. mass % (mass of component/mass of total) x 100 The mass percentages of the elements are: For Carbon: mass % C (mass of 1 mol of carbon/mass of 1 mol of CO2)  x 100mass % C (12.01 g / 44.01 g) x 100mass % C   27.29 % For Oxygen: mass % O (mass of 1 mol of oxygen/mass of 1 mol of CO2)  x 100mass % O (32.00 g / 44.01 g) x 100mass % O 72.71 % Solution mass % C 27.29 %mass % O 72.71 % When doing mass percent calculations, it is always a good idea to check to make sure your mass percents add up to 100%. This will help catch any math errors. 27.29 72.71 100.00 The answers add up to 100% which is what was expected. Tips for Success Calculating Mass Percent You wont always be given the total mass of a mixture or solution. Often, youll need to add up the masses. This might not be obvious! You may be given mole fractions or moles and then need to convert to a mass unit.Watch your significant figures!Always make sure the sum of the mass percentages of all components adds up to 100%. If it doesnt, then you need to go back and find your mistake.

Strategic management assignment 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Strategic management assignment 2 - Essay Example Approaches adopted by the company for attaining sustainable growth have also been discussed in the report. The study has also taken into account the financial performances of the company in the recent years. A comparative study has been initiated to study the performance of Airbus with that of its other prominent competitors. The Industry: The aerospace industry has a close relationship with the airline industry and the relationship between them keeps on altering and restructuring itself. It had recorded its first downturn in demand after the incident of September 11, 2009 and observed the same with an increased rate of downfall. Among airline companies, low fare segment remained dominant in the industry and many of the larger brands filed for bankruptcy (ATKEARNEY, n.d., p.1). Competitive strategy and industry position: Airbus adopted a strategy of manufacturing high capacity aircrafts which will also be fuel efficient and comfortable. This resulted in the formation of super-jumbo aircraft category. Restructuring of the aerospace industry and European defence led the company to adopt the industry conditions accordingly (Spulber, 2007. p.60). Environmental factors: The industry has observed a gradual increase in the competition level with the entry of some new brands in the aerospace industry such as Bombardier, Jet blue and Embraer. To defend its market share, Boeing slashed its prices for some of its products. The prices were almost equivalent to that of the new industry players. Temporal factors: The larger players of the industry recorded heavy backlogs among which Airbus and Boeing remained most prominent (See Appendix-1). The demand for aircrafts is expected to increase by the next twenty years and according to the forecasted demand, Boeing has predicted its sales figure for next twenty years as 30,000 aircrafts whereas Airbus has estimated the same as 3,112 for the next twenty

The First Movement of Beethovens Symphony No. 5 Essay

The First Movement of Beethovens Symphony No. 5 - Essay Example The composition of this particular piece of classical music ensured that Beethoven’s name was ingrained into the foundations of genius artistry and established what can be termed as an everlasting presence on the influence of future classical positions. The Symphony No. 5 in C minor was written by Ludwig van Beethoven was composed over time and actually took a number of years (four) to be completed(Fandel, 2007). This goes to demonstrate the amount of work and effort that was put into this creation and establish the fact that this particular composition was not just another musician playing around with his instruments but the product of an utmost professional who put 100% into his work. This masterpiece was written between the years of 1804-1808 and after its completion, it became one of the most if not undoubtedly the most popular classical pieces of music in the world. The symphony was played in a wide and vast collection of musical performances where classical enthusiast would gather together in appreciation of this beautiful work of art. It was first performed in 1808 just after its completion in a theatre in Vienna known as Theatre an der wien and soon after that the piece of music received critical acclaim around the world. Over a century has gone by since then and this piece of classical music is still being played in theatres around the world by different bands specializing in classical music and by amateurs as well(Fandel, 2007). Lovers of the classical music genre have joined together to ensure that what can be considered to be one of Beethoven’s best pieces would not fade into obscurity regardless of the time elapsed since its creation.

Corporate Finance (see questions) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Corporate Finance (see questions) - Essay Example Bergen (2004) noted about the important debate among stock market investors is whether the market is efficient. Market efficiency here means that all the information are made available to market participants at any given time. Hence the announcement of new technology by the company director in the above case as to the influence on stock prices has almost become immaterial. The efficient market hypothesis (EMH) theory forwards the idea that all stocks are perfectly priced according to their inherent investment properties, and that the knowledge for decision making are made available to all market participants possess equally. One argument against the theory is on its assumption as in the case of believing that that all investors perceive all available information in precisely the same manner. This could he hard to be believed because there are many methods for analyzing and valuing stocks and these may in a sense pose some problems for the validity of the model. If one person may see undervalued market opportunities, it is equally possible to have another person on the basis of growth potential. In other words, the availability of information may still means different things for difference people. Thus under the case, two investors may come to arrive at a different assessment of the stock’s estimated fair market value. Will this reality therefore not create variability in the result? (Bergen, J. 2004). If this argument is sustained it must also sustained that with or without the EMH theory, the differences in investor’s perception and attitude will still be there. Another criticism of the efficient market hypothesis is that, it implies that there is no single investor that will be ever able to get greater profitability than another with the same amount of invested funds. In other words, there is an assumed equal possession of information means that should make the investors

Strategic Financial Management business report Essay

Strategic Financial Management business report - Essay Example ally the company was engaged in many businesses but with passage of time, it concentrated on the beverage business and divested other business like Pillsbury and Burger King. At present the company’s portfolio consist of mainly alcohol based beverages. Presently the company is operating many major strategic business units (SBUs) like spirits, Beer and Wine. Among them the most extended one is the spirit SBU because it comprises of many sub units like Scotch whisky, Vodka, Ready to drink, Liqueurs, Whiskey, Rum, Gin and Tequila. To understand why spirit SBU is so vital for the company, its last year’s sales break up has to be undertaken. As per the Diageo’s annual report 2007-08, the company’s is to focus on its premium drinks as these are the major source of income. In the last few years, the company’s revenue has increased marginally, but operating expense has also gone high. Thus Diageo has made a strategy to enhance its operating profit along with growth in organic sales. From the very beginning, the company has followed an aggressive acquisition strategy. At present the company has its operation in different part of the world, where they have strategic partnership with many other players of this industry. When a company plans for enhancing the profitability, its main motto remains increasing the shareholders value. In the last year certain changes has came in the consumption patter in alcoholic beverages in different part of the world, hence the company will target the growing market of alcoholic beverages in BRIC countries. Undertaking all these facts and figures, the company has planned to continue its cost cutting strategy. Diageo will continue to operate under four business areas, it will develop its local brands and to overcome the growing pressure from governments, it will come forward and will promote responsible drinking of alcohol, also participate in reducing the misuses of alcohol (Diageo-b, 2005). To analyse how successful were the

Contemporary issues in conflict and security Essay

Contemporary issues in conflict and security - Essay Example Terrorism has severe social, economic, and psychological impacts on the targeted people. Analysis proves that terrorism often has a genuine grievance to fight for. Also, the strategies they adopt are not considerably crueler than the strategies adopted by many superpowers. Thirdly, it has become evident that terrorism is considerably more unethical because it often targets innocent third parties as the victims. The solution does not lie in armed suppression, but in adopting peaceful ways. Attention should be given to the reasons behind grievances and they should be removed. Also, free communication and liberty should be encouraged in every nation. Lastly, instead of revenge and martyrdom, values like peace and cooperation should be instilled in people. Introduction Terrorism has become one of the most complex and oft-changing phenomena in the international sphere. As a result, it has gained an important position in the agenda of most nations. The surprising fact is that terrorism is present in various forms and various structures, and they have various motivating factors behind them. The root causes of terrorism One can find innumerous reasons behind terrorism when one looks into the works of various scholars who already studied the various aspects of terrorism. As a result, as Crenshaw (1981) opines in the article ‘The causes of terrorism’, it is difficult to find general explanations for terrorism. However, the scholar manages to divide the causes into two categories; the preconditions which are known as root causes and the precipitants which are known as trigger causes. It is possible to further the root causes into enabling factors which mean the factors which offer an opportunity for terrorism to come up, and situations which are direct motivations for terrorist campaigns (ibid). According to Ross (1996), the causes can be divided into three categories, namely structural causes, psychological causes, and rational choice. Following this, Gupta (2004, p. 19) introduced the argument based on ethnicity, religion, and nationalism. According to his opinion, terrorism takes birth when a leading figure manages to give a proper direction to the frustration faced by a number of people and manage to formulate a feeling of collective identity; and also the feeling of ‘we’ versus ‘them’ is successfully developed along with this (ibid). The work by O’Brien (1996) looked into the reasons behind terrorism. According to the scholar, there is a link between the foreign policy of superpowers during the times of international crisis and international terrorism. In order to substantiate his view, the scholar provides the example of the United States and Iraq. Through the work, the scholar proves that the possibility of terrorism increases when one party feels victimized by the superpower (ibid). Another study by Krueger and Malenkov (2003) named ‘Education, poverty and terrorism: is there a casual conne ction?† looks into the impact of lack of education and poverty on people’s tendency to become terrorists. However, after a thorough study of the situation in Israel and Palestine, the scholars reach the conclusion that there is no direct link between education, poverty and terrorism (ibid). In fact, the study observed that the terrorists from those areas were generally better educated that others. Also, the study reveals that the

Strategic Financial Management business report Essay

Strategic Financial Management business report - Essay Example ally the company was engaged in many businesses but with passage of time, it concentrated on the beverage business and divested other business like Pillsbury and Burger King. At present the company’s portfolio consist of mainly alcohol based beverages. Presently the company is operating many major strategic business units (SBUs) like spirits, Beer and Wine. Among them the most extended one is the spirit SBU because it comprises of many sub units like Scotch whisky, Vodka, Ready to drink, Liqueurs, Whiskey, Rum, Gin and Tequila. To understand why spirit SBU is so vital for the company, its last year’s sales break up has to be undertaken. As per the Diageo’s annual report 2007-08, the company’s is to focus on its premium drinks as these are the major source of income. In the last few years, the company’s revenue has increased marginally, but operating expense has also gone high. Thus Diageo has made a strategy to enhance its operating profit along with growth in organic sales. From the very beginning, the company has followed an aggressive acquisition strategy. At present the company has its operation in different part of the world, where they have strategic partnership with many other players of this industry. When a company plans for enhancing the profitability, its main motto remains increasing the shareholders value. In the last year certain changes has came in the consumption patter in alcoholic beverages in different part of the world, hence the company will target the growing market of alcoholic beverages in BRIC countries. Undertaking all these facts and figures, the company has planned to continue its cost cutting strategy. Diageo will continue to operate under four business areas, it will develop its local brands and to overcome the growing pressure from governments, it will come forward and will promote responsible drinking of alcohol, also participate in reducing the misuses of alcohol (Diageo-b, 2005). To analyse how successful were the

Reasons of Mass Killing. Why and under what circumstances do people Essay

Reasons of Mass Killing. Why and under what circumstances do people commit violent political acts and mass killings - Essay Example Holocaust and Cambodian Massacre are some examples of such events. Violence in Abu Gharib jail can also be regarded as an example of immorality. Events like these have forced social scientists all over the world to understand why and what motivates normal human beings to commit such horrendous acts. Psychologists have conducted many experiments and researches in hope of unlocking the key to this mysterious negative, inhumane side of human beings. In this essay we will try to get insight on the behavior of people involved in the above mentioned events. An explanation will be sought regarding mass murder and political killings committed by normal people. Human behavior will be explored to find out the reasons for such violent behavior and in the process help of famous experiments conducted by different psychologist will be taken. Why People commit Mass Murder? It is important to understand at this point that how mass murders and political killings take place. In Holocaust the decision of persecution of Jews was taken by the German leaders like Hitler and Himmler. But the orders were carried out by German soldiers on ground. It is hard to believe that all of the German army was as sick as Hitler and Himmler.... The perceived authority of the source plays an important role on acceptance of the person. People tend to give in easily to authority and this was explained by Milligram in his studies. Miligram’s Study on Obedience The experiment conducted by Miligram brought the world’s attention to the dangerous effects of authority. It was the first time when the world came to know to what extent authority can effect on human actions. In the experiment of Miligram (1963) participant was given the role of a teacher and a confederate was staged as a student (both were sent to different rooms). Then the teacher was given a shock from a shock generator to make him or her realize the real nature of the electric shock. The teacher was given a list of pair of words and he or she will say the name of the first word and will provide four possible solutions. The student will have to answer and in case of each wrong answer the teacher would increase the shock by 15 volts. It was eventually fou nd that 65 percent of the participants kept on increasing the voltage of the shock till it reached its maximum limit, even though the ‘student’ kept on shouting and banging their hands on the wall (Miligram, 1963). This study presents the effect of authority on normal people and partially explains the behavior of people involved in the Holocaust. Under authority a normal person can go on doing something terrible without thinking about his or her actions. Coercion and reward were jointly responsible for behavior of German soldiers because they were under the authority of their leaders and reward was offered (sometimes in monetary forms and sometimes in the form of approval of the superior) (Blass, T. 2000).

Agricultural Equipment Business Essay Example for Free

Agricultural Equipment Business Essay Agricultural Equipment Business Manufacturing, export and distribution opportunities in post-harvest equipment beckon entrepreneurs even as other farm products also hold great promise In the last decade, Buhler, a global manufacturer of grain milling, sorting and handling products, has been witnessing a geographical shift in demand for its products. While the US and Europe remained the mainstay for long, it is China and India that are now the demand hubs for its products. The company, which launched its India operations in 1992, has since expanded its facility in India and ramped up the workforce. Another equipment firm, Satake, a Japanese major, has been witnessing similar trend. But the presence of big firms such as Satake and Buhler has not had much effect on local manufacturing. Many small and medium enterprises operate at full capacity across the country. Take for instance, S P Khandelwal of S S Milling and Engineering. He sells grain cleaning and sorting equipment to flour mills, energy foods producers and snacks companies. He boasts of clients such as Bikanerwala, Priya Gold and Modi Flour Mill. It is the price factor that helps entrepreneurs such as Khandelwal survive the onslaught of the global majors. â€Å"Products sold by organized players are expensive while my products are low-cost,† he says. Farm equipment companies, both big and small, are fighting tooth and nail to grab the larger share of the lucrative India market, despite the fact that the agriculture sector’s share in the GDP has fallen over the years. This notwithstanding, the farm equipment sector, that is a key support for agriculture, has been growing at a brisk pace and is projected to touch $7. 9 billion by 2012, according to The Freedonia Group, a US-based market research firm. [pic] Growth Drivers A couple of factors are driving the growth of this sector. These are mechanization of agriculture, increase in contract farming, easy availability of farm loans at low interest rates, and migration of laborers from villages to cities. Mechanization of Indian agricultural has been a major booster. The continuous increase in the consumption of power for farm sector and the corresponding reduction in the use of animal and human power is a clear indication that more and more machines are being deployed. A study by KPMG, done for India Brand Equity Foundation (IBEF) throws up some interesting observations. It says the share of animals as the source of power for the agriculture sector declined sharply from 45% in 1971-72 to less than 10% in 2005-06.

Applications of Ultrasound in Medicine

Applications of Ultrasound in Medicine AB Assessment Using Waves Introduction Ultrasound is a sound wave with an oscillating pressure wave with frequencies ranging from 20 kHz until approximately 200 MHz. These frequencies are not audible to humans. Ultrasonic devices are used to detect objects and measure the distance between them. Ultrasound has been more frequently used in medical imaging displaying the patient an object in their body or just generally looking at their body. Ultrasound seemingly is becoming popular due to it not emitting any radiations unlike X-Rays. [6] Uses of Ultrasound Ultrasound is used in the medical department as a means of imaging, enabling medical staff to view the patients body without any major problems. The most common use of Ultrasound in the medical department is its use in what is called an â€Å"ultrasound scan†. This is used to project a moving image of a fetus inside a pregnant womans body. An example of this can be seen on the left. Ultrasound is not only used to detect unborn fetuses but also view several organs in the body through ‘prenatal scanning’: The same method used for an ultrasound scan. Since ultrasound easily reflect off soft tissue, gel needs to be added to the part of the body where the scan is going to be conducted. A transducer is then used to generate the ultrasound waves and detect any echoes it receives from the reflected waves. During the process of scanning the waves also erode pieces of gallstone which reside within our organs, with their constant vibrations.[6][7][12] Another use of Ultrasound is echo sounding. This is used by the quality control industry to detect flaws in pieces of metal. As an ultrasound wave is being passed through the metal, it will reach the defect area in the metal and the reflected wave that came of the defect area will be received by the transducer that emitted the wave. If there is more than one reflected wave it means the metal is defect. [7][12][13][15] â€Å"Ultrasound waves can be used by the industry for cleaning.†[12] The waves are sent through a fluid and bubbles formed from the vibration of the ultrasound remove dirt from an object. The object which is placed in water or another solvent has fluid collapse into the gap left behind from the solvent. The bubbles then move rapidly, removing the dirt and resulting in a transcending standard of cleanliness.[12][15] Dangers and Risks The dangers of Ultrasound are considerably low compared to other waves. Even though there is no major threat in using ultrasound it does have its risks which could harm the user. Excessive exposure to ultrasound waves of 120dB can lead to hearing loss. [6] Excessive exposure of ultrasound waves at 155dB will cause cavitation heating up the users body cells. [6] Excessive exposure to ultrasound waves of 180dB may lead to death. [6] Cavitation may cause the users cells to heat up and invoke toxic reactions. [23] Change in cells may cause Intestinal bleeding. [23] Damage to fetus’s brain may lead to left handedness. [23] Prenatal scans may cause early labour, premature birth, miscarriage and perinatal deaths. [23] Possible disabilities formed are: epilepsy, dyslexia and delayed speech development. [23] Ultrasound in Physiotherapy â€Å"The aim of physiotherapy is to help restore movement and normal body function in cases of illness, injury and disability.†. [1] Physiotherapy tries to cure disabled body functions from affected people. Ultrasound has found its way into this world, bringing it’s useful treatment methods with it. It’s used to treat deep tissue injuries, reduce pain from spasms as wells as inflammation and swellings, increase tissue extensibility, speed up metabolism, reduce nerve irritation, enhance drug delivery and speed up healing. Ultrasound stimulates the blood circulation and the activity of cells to assist in the therapeutics. [1] [3] The ultrasound frequency that is used for physiotherapy ranges between 0.7 and 3 MHz. [5] Gel is applied to the patients body to reduce friction with the transducer and aid the transmission of ultrasound waves. The waves are absorbed by ligaments, tendons and fascia and the therapeutics affect apply. [5] Advantages and Disadvantages Impacts Social Impact Hospitalized childbirth has gained a sudden rise since the 20th century. This is due to the improved hospital technology and successful childbirth probability. [16] Since ultrasound has been part of the hospitals technology, mothers have wanted to view a fetal scanning of their unborn child. This has been done multiple times, but society keeps questioning if ultrasound scanning is safe. The fact of being able to view your unborn child provides ultrasound a plus point to it’s beneficial use. It allowed parents to find out the gender of their child before delivery and detect any abnormalities that may occur during pregnancy. [16] Moral Impact The use of ultrasound in prenatal scanning seems to be that it affects the relationship between mother and fetus. The cultural communication is gone and what remains is communication through a computer screen displaying the fetus. The mother will then use what she sees instead of relying on her embodied knowledge. [17] Ultrasound brings imbalance to the moral standing of the victim through injurious damage to the victim. This raises the moral awareness of fetuses and if they should be exposed to the waves emitted, which can bring injurious damage. But this will then degrade the mothers moral standing as she also becomes a victim of the injurious damage ultrasound can bring. [17] Ethical Impact Ultrasound has been most commonly known for determining the gender of the fetus. Ultrasound is a cheap resource since all you need is a transducer and someone who can operate the device. In countries like China and India, parents exploit this method by checking the gender of their child and then deciding to abort it due to the countries preference of males. [18] In india there are 250,000 female feticide abortions each year. The government has been trying to motivate people into valuing female fetuses but the Economic and Social impacts have lead to the occurrence of this ethical issue. [18] Conclusion Ultrasound is a secure soundwave with a minor probability of great risks. Ultrasound has been proven to be beneficial and useful in most industries and is popular in the medical industry. It’s a method used in physiotherapy to speed up healing and to improve the overall therapeutics. Although it has contrasting advantages and disadvantages, and is not worth recommending it should not discourage anyone from using ultrasound waves. Bibliography [1] Physiotherapy How It Works . Physiotherapy. N.p., n.d. Web. 07 May 2014. http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/Physiotherapy/Pages/How-does-it-work.aspx>. [2] Rheumatology. Therapeutic Ultrasound in Soft Tissue Lesions. N.p., n.d. Web. 7 May 2014. http://rheumatology.oxfordjournals.org/content/40/12/1331.full>. [3] Ultrasound in Physiotherapy. Ultrasound in Physiotherapy. N.p., n.d. Web. 7 May 2014. http://www.greatlakes-physiotherapy.com/physiotherapy-ultrasound.html>. [4] Does Ultrasound Work? SaveYourselfca RSS. N.p., n.d. Web. 7 May 2014. http://saveyourself.ca/articles/ultrasound.php>. [5] Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, n.d. Web. 7 May 2014. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Therapeutic_ultrasound#Physical_therapy>. [6] Ultrasound. Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, n.d. Web. 7 May 2014. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultrasound>. [7] Ultrasound. Pass My Exams. N.p., n.d. Web. 7 May 2014. http://www.passmyexams.co.uk/GCSE/physics/ultrasound.html>. [8] BBC News. BBC, n.d. Web. 7 May 2014. http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/science/add_gateway_pre_2011/radiation/ultrasoundrev2.shtml>. [9] BBC News. BBC, n.d. Web. 7 May 2014. http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/science/triple_aqa/medical_applications_physics/ultrasound/revision/1/>. [10] BBC News. BBC, n.d. Web. 7 May 2014. http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/science/edexcel_pre_2011/waves/soundultrasoundandseismicwavesrev2.shtml>. [11] BBC News. BBC, n.d. Web. 7 May 2014. http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/science/add_ocr_gateway/radiation/ultrasoundrev3.shtml>. [12] Ultrasound. Ultrasound. N.p., n.d. Web. 7 May 2014. http://www.cyberphysics.co.uk/topics/waves/ultrasound.htm>. [13] What Is Fetal Imaging and Pre-Natal Scanning? What Are the Uses of Ultrasound? N.p., n.d. Web. 7 May 2014. http://www.gcsescience.com/pwav14.htm>. [14] Uses of Sound Waves. GCSE Physics Uses of Waves Revision. N.p., n.d. Web. 7 May 2014. http://www.s-cool.co.uk/gcse/physics/uses-of-waves/revise-it/uses-of-sound-waves>. [15] Ultrasound. Revision World. N.p., n.d. Web. 7 May 2014. http://www.revisionworld.com/gcse-revision/physics/waves/ultrasound>. [16] Ultrasound Technology and Its Social Impact. Yahoo Contributor Network. N.p., n.d. Web. 7 May 2014. http://voices.yahoo.com/ultrasound-technology-its-social-impact-6812902.html>. [17] Ultrasounds Risk: Reproductive Autonomy and Epistemic Moral Injury.[emailprotected]. N.p., n.d. Web. 7 May 2014. http://ir.lib.uwo.ca/iaph/June27/Presentations/5/>. [18] Female Feticide ethical Issues of Ultrasound in India and China. Why Is American Health Care so Expensive? N.p., n.d. Web. 7 May 2014. http://whyisamericanhealthcaresoexpensive.blogspot.co.at/2013/03/female-feticide-ethical-issues-of.html>. [19] BCF Technology. Economic Benefits of Ultrasound. N.p., n.d. Web. 7 May 2014. http://www.international.bcftechnology.com/learning/farm-animal/clinical-resources/economic-benefits-of-ultrasound> [20] Benefits of the Use of Ultrasound in Physical Therapy. LIVESTRONG.COM. LIVESTRONG.COM, 7 July 2010. Web. 7 May 2014. http://www.livestrong.com/article/172706-benefits-of-the-use-of-ultrasound-in-physical-therapy/>. [21] Ultrasound Therapy. For Treatment of Sports Injuries. N.p., n.d. Web. 7 May 2014. http://www.sportsinjuryclinic.net/treatments-therapies/electrotherapy/ultrasound-therapy>. [22] Powers, Julie. Risks From Ultrasound Therapy. EHow. Demand Media, 29 Oct. 2009. Web. 7 May 2014. http://www.ehow.com/about_5589797_risks-ultrasound-therapy.html>. [23] Hall, Harriet. Are Prenatal Ultrasounds Dangerous? Science-Based Medicine. N.p., 30 Aug. 2011. Web. 9 May 2014. http://www.sciencebasedmedicine.org/are-prenatal-ultrasounds-dangerous/>.

The Legacy of Afghanistan’s Civil War Essay -- War Afghanistan Foreign

The Legacy of Afghanistan’s Civil War Following the terrorist attacks of 9/11, President Bush declared, and subsequently launched an attack on "the axis of Evil". National, as well as international spotlight shifted to Afghanistan, where Osama bin Laden, the presumed mastermind behind the September 11 attacks, was believed to be harbored. In the following months, Afghanistan became embroiled, for the second time in a century, in yet another major war. The terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, completely shocked and terrified Americans, many of whom had previously felt themselves immune to such unthinkable acts of violence. It, too, had the effect of raising questions, questions like: â€Å"why America? Who were these terrorists and for what reason would they sacrifice their own lives? What is the nature of Afghanistan’s involvement in these attacks and who, exactly, is Osama Bin Laden?† In the aftermath of these attacks, I found myself among the majority of Americans struggling to find answers to these questions. Like most Americans, I knew next to nothing about the country of Afghanistan, our country’s involvement in its civil war during the years 1979-1988, or the legacy this involvement left there. My hopes in commencing the research for this paper was to learn more about the country of Afghanistan itself and the nature of the United States’ involvement in it, especially during the years 1979-1988. What this paper intends to show is the evidence of all this research: that, the legacy of United States involvement in the Afghanistan Civil War, and missteps made in our country’s foreign policy during these years was, in part, responsible for fostering the anti-American sentiment which so tragically culm... .... [39] Digital National Security Archive. [40] Digital National Security Archive. [41] Cooley, 47. [42] Digital National Security Archive.. [43] Digital National Security Archive. [44] Digital National Security Archive. [45] Digital National Security Archive. [46] Digital National Security Archive. [47] Digital National Security Archive. [48] Rashid, Ahmed. Taliban. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2000. P. 176. [49] Rashid, p. 176. [50] Rashid, 176. [51] Rashid, p.185. [52] Terrorism Project. â€Å"Lessons from History: U.S. Policy Towards Afghanistan, 1978-2001.† 5 October 2001. <http://www.cdi.org/terrorism/afghanistan-history-pr.cfm>. [53] Terrorism Project. [54] Terrorism Project. [55] Terrorism Project. [56] Terrorism Project. [57] Terrorism Project. [58] Cooley, xvi. [59] Terrorism Project.

Globalization, Culture and Indigenous Societies Essay

Globalization describe by Richard Wilk is the world wide impact of industrialization and its socioeconomic, political, and cultural consequences on the world, which include migration of labor, increaing spread of industrial technology. Technology is moving at a rapid pace, that when a indivdual purchases a computer of the shelf, the technology is already obsolete. With the advancement of technology, it is causing countries to become modernizied. Such as inda, which was at one point a third world, but is now becoming mecha, for new businesses. But with monderization, comes dependency, such as with the invetion of the car, we have become depenent on oil, such so that we no longer get the majority of our oil from america, but from other countries. Companys the exxion, pay a certain amount of money for this oil, and will sell it to the consumer for 3 or 5 times the amount they paid, knowing the that consumer will pay the price set by the company, thus exploiting the consumer. Companys our now exploiting other countries, like china, they will out source products to be built in china, and charge the chinese worker a wage of lets say 50 cents an hour, instead or the americans work $9. 25 an hour to make the same product. With the rapid expansion of globalization, has change a lot of countries, it has in some cases, destroyed cultures, mainly for the countires resources. With epansion can come cultural change, someimes it is forced, case in point the mbuti tribe. The Mbuti, had been in contact with ousiders for centuries, but chose to retain their tradional way of life. During the colonial peroid, government officials tried to resettle the mbuti. The resettling was a disaster. It isnt the first time a government has tried to move a society of peole, one such case is the native american of north america. The united states put the native amerians on reservation, one such tribe would be the navajo indians. Globalization has had negative impact on a lot of small societys. It has destroyed their culture, their land, the people themselves to some extent. But in bigger societys, it has caused a triving oasis. But the downfalls our dependency. If we were to gradually, incorpate globalization of what bigger societys, in to smaller societys it would allow the intergration of the old and new, to eventually over time, it would evolve into something new. Such inda, and its marriage practices, the man works the women takes care of the home, but there our some women who want to work and take care of the home. Chapter Globalization in latin america, africa and the caribbean Globlization had a major impact in latin amercia in the 1500s. During this time, a man named hernado, cortes a spanierd, help start a rebellion, in the aztec empire. He gave the aztects non native weapons such as guns, to rebel against their ruler, Montezuma. The aztec state quickly crumpled. But it didnt stop their, the spanish wanted more territory, with the help of their native americans, the went to conquer mesoamerica, including Mexico, Honduras, and guatemala as well as parts of norh amercia, such as california. They exploited the people and land, by developing mining, commercial agricuture, and live stock raising and trading. This drastically transformed the sociocultural systems of the the americas. In Africa, societies exploited the country but use of slavery. In Africa this system included slaves who were attached to the extended families and be came part of the domestic social unit and as such could marry, own property and were protected from mutilation and murder.. But in western countries thought of them as property and did not have personal rights, could never be incorporated into the owners domestic family or social system. In the Caribbean islands because they did not have a large agricutrual resource, the colonial powers intrduced commercialized agricutrual usually in the form of sugrar plantations. In some cases, globalization can back fire, is various parts of south america, revolts started happing, and with the migration of various, peoples, south america become intermingled. Religions evolved, as well as devolved. The globalization of africa and south america, drasically change its land scape and its people forever. Many people lost their homes as well as their heritage. The africans lost a country when they were brought to the americas to become slaves. They lost many freedoms.. Chapter 15 Globalization in the middle east and asia. Just as in latin america, africa and the Caribbean, globalization had a negative impact for coutries in the middle east and in asia. With colonization, can dieses, and death. At one point weastern societies, tried to change the religion of many countries in the middle east as well as in various countries in asia. For the most part they did not succeed. Just as in south america, when came to colonization in the middle east and in asia, there came revolution. But some were more peace then others such as mohandas gahdis protests for indias independence from the British. Unlike china’s protests which were more violent, which lead to china forming a communist movement. These revolts and protects, change many countries, thus forming newer countries in the process. When these countries changed, some became very wealth while others became poor, for example, some countries in the middle east, had oil, many others did not. In the middle east, the Islamic tradition and Arab culture influence the patterns of family life and gender. With the globalization of the middle east and asia, came change, but mostly the change was met with revolution and for the most part it was a very violet one. Some countries tried to isolate them selves such as china, from the rest of the outside world. When you have a society that is trying to drastically change another culture it is almost always going to be met with hostility. But what comes out of it, when the dust settles, it could be go or band. But usually the change eventually turns out to be good.

A Career in Social Work

The career that I want to pursue is social work. I enjoy talking to people, helping them with their problems, and try to make their bad days better; I already have some trained skills, which I have learned in places that I did some volunteer work in the past. I also worked babysitting children of different ages and tutored others in some basic subjects. My experience of having my own small business plus all the volunteer work in the places I mentioned above, gave me a head start by assisting individuals on a regular basis. Becoming social service worker has many responsibilities.Some of the responsibilities are getting information to provide quality services in an efficient and effective manner to people with complex needs. To be a good social service worker requires a solid foundation of training, values, knowledge, theory and skills. I was born and raised in a big city and lived n the same street with my family, until the age of twenty. My parents have been together for many years and I have 5 siblings. Growing up in the 1970's, having an abusive biological father was very difficult for my mother, my siblings and me.I felt that we were a comfortable family with all the things necessary to be happy. I was unaware that my biological father was abusive towards my mother, so was one of my brothers toward his wife. When I learned it, I was a teenager and it led for my siblings and I lean toward my grandmother and stepfather. Our families were divided by religion and the abuse. My stepfather was our pillar of support; he always encouraged all of us to get an education. I had to learn rapidly to adjust to different situations and saw that folks Just were not all bad, ecause they had faced problems in their lives.This permitted me to grow and absorb in ways other children may have never imagined, and I be certain of that because of my family, it has added a great deal of my individual strength and approval of others. I have also learned many useful skills and experie nces throughout my adult life. Having a difficult time as a child myself and then being married to an abusive husband for 15 years, has given me the power and aspiration to become a Social Service Worker. It will be fulfilling a lasting vision to help persons n need no matter the emergency they may be pursuing to remedy.When I was younger I always talked about being a teacher or a social worker. As I got older and started to build my life it changed. I went from being a simple receptionist to being an office clerk, where I have to not only answer phones, but learn many other skills at administrating an office. Although I went to school for to Office administration and didn't finished it, I always have the desire to serve and help others. With the determination and drive instilled in me there is no other ending but achievement and success.The one real mistake I believe we can make in life is to not learn from the errors and challenges that come our way. In fact, it is in these mistak es and trials where I have learned the most and grow into a healthier and stronger person. I still feel in my soul that my career path is in social work and now that I know what career path I will take it is up to me to make it happen. I believe that my life experiences and skills demonstrate why the field Social Service Work is best suitable for me as an education and career.Considering my strengths, I am cooperative, g natured, generous, nelptul, numble and modest and I trust others. As a professional, I am non-judgmental, not hold responsible the client for their predicaments. Even if someone hurts my feelings, I am quick to forgive and forget. These qualities are essential for me, because I am working and will work with a variety of people, healthcare professionals, clients, and others that may exhibit inflexible and difficult personalities that may be challenging to work with. Finding the right treatment or service for each client based on their needs requires a creative person .I am also particular, hard-working, organized, and, and take my responsibilities seriously. These qualities are appropriate for when I am working individually or with a team. My extroverted personality also suits my career objective as a social service worker as interaction with others is a significant portion of this kind of work. Regarding communication skills, I am talkative, assertive, sociable and active. One of my limitations is that, although I speak two languages fluently, my strong accent is not acceptable to some when it comes to interact with clients.I am vercoming this personal limitation by taking a pronunciation course over the summer as a starting point. Some of my personal talents include being interested and passionate in a selfless and courteous manner. I am capable to sustain a considerate and gentle manner, even in hectic circumstances. I have a high score for intellect, which shows that I strive to acquire and preserve my existing knowledge, which is crucial fo r a worthy and passionate social service worker. I am honestly concerned with other individuals and try to treat everyone with consideration and compassion.I have always had the desire to study and strive in my area of interest. When I had an opportunity in 2005 to go back to school, I was fully committed to excel in my studies. My goal is not Just to get good grades, but also to fully understand the concepts in my studies and be able to analyze them. There are many social issues in our society that I would like to personally contribute to for the improvement of society. Through learning, I was able to understand some of my own experiences from the past, and instead of taking them as a terrible lessons, I accepted them as a hallenging Journey.One of my academic goals is to keep up my above average grades. I put in enormous strength and hard effort into my studies. Upon arriving at this city, I was determined that I would spend my next two years in pursuit of new ideas and experience s. I come from a country with a rich social, cultural and ethnic variety; this helps me appreciate cultural sensitivity better as well as the clients' traditional beliefs, when working with the particular client populations. Beside English, I speak French and Spanish; knowledge of two extra languages, will become n extra asset as a social service worker.The population that I want to work the most is the elderly. Elderly clients are friendly and willingly wait for a social service worker to visit them. Most of them treat the worker as an acquaintance. Proficient detachment is required, so that I will not picture the client as a family, and to keep in mind that the objective is to help them improve their ability to do well without a lot of support. I am arranging my other areas of life around my studies, so I can entirely commit and keep up with decent grades. Success is all can see in my future.

Personal Experience Essay

Life is full of adventures and experiences. The key to living well is making these experiences as meaningful as possible. I went through a very significant experience, which was actually more of a risk, about two years ago. I was 15 years old and I had to decide whether I would stay in my hometown or move to Monterrey, Mexico. As in every dilemma faced, there are pros and cons that will try to sway you. Time wouldn’t stop and the day of my decision was getting closer and closer; the less time I had to decide, the more confused and undecided I became. All I could do was imagine myself living the future in my hometown or in Monterrey. But, why was I put into this situation? Should I have stayed where I was born and where I’d lived my whole life or would the best thing be to move to an entirely new city? My family once consisted of my mom, my dad, two older brothers, and me. Unfortunately, my dad passed away in December of 2007 when I was twelve years old. Monterrey is a c ity characterized by having many foreign students because of the highly recognized university, Tec de Monterrey (ITESM). Both of my brothers decided to study there. This left a lonely house with only a widowed mother and a teenage girl. That was the moment I realized we needed to do something, having me make the decision of my life with the pressure of time. I was born and raised in Matamoros, Mexico, which is a border town with Brownsville, Texas. Having my student passport, I studied there my whole life. I had many friends living in both Matamoros and Brownsville. This was a major factor on my decision because I didn’t want to leave them and, in Monterrey, I didn’t know anyone. The thing was that in Matamoros, every corner of my house, every street, and every part of the city would only remind me of my dad who was already in Heaven. To me, this was a kind of torture. I had to either leave my friends and start a new life, or stay there with everyone’s support, but constantly having to deal with the suffering of not being able to let go of my dad because of my surroundings. I knew moving to Monterrey was a very good idea, but like everything, it had its negative views as well. It would be a good thing to move because my mom and I would now live with my brothers and we would all be united like we were before. This new beginning would help us overcome the death of my dad. The bad part was that, as I was about to enter high school, moving to Monterrey without knowing anyone would be very difficult. I had always studied in the USA, so attending a school in Mexico would probably lower my grades and make things more complicated. It was all about taking the r isk. Decision time was near. After I analyzed everything, I understood that the best thing I could was to move to Monterrey with my mom. This was a very significant experience because it really impacted me. The first semester was very hard as I felt all alone. As soon as I began making friends, however I realized I couldn’t have made a better decision. People in Monterrey are very humble and caring. They taught me many things, enabling me to become a better person with better feelings. These friends were the ones who pulled me closer to God when I most needed Him. There was no better feeling than getting home and seeing my brothers living with me again. My family was once again united, and I am very grateful for all of this. View as multi-pages

(book) norwegian wood by HARUKI MURAKAMI Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

(book) norwegian wood by HARUKI MURAKAMI - Essay Example The sensitive portrayal of the Japanese youth who were caught in the web of contrasting culture of the East and the West, has turned into a universal appeal for understanding. The protagonist of the novel is Toru Wantabe who becomes nostalgic about his student days when he hears his favourite Beatle song ‘Norwegian Wood’ while travelling on the plane. The book is his flashback into his student life while he was studying in the University of Tokyo. The protagonist, throughout his recollection, has maintained a tender spot for the love of his life and at the same time his encounters with death, in the form of suicide have forced him to contemplate the wider meaning of life. The author has seemingly used death as a reconciliatory medium as well as that of alienation so much so that it has almost become a second theme of the novel. The book is a subtle love story of Toru and Naoko who are probably caught by circumstances into a relationship. Naoko was the girlfriend of Toru’s best friend, Kizuku. After Kizuku commits suicide at the age of 17, Naoko is lost in grief and subsequently, loses touch with Toru. They meet each other after a year in Tokyo where both of them, have gone to study. They are drawn towards each other through their common friend, who is dead. Each of them want to keep in contact because it brings them closer to Kizuku, who is more alive than dead, in the memories of the two characters. The inability of the characters to move away from the past is the bond that ultimately becomes the main cause of their separation. Though initially, Toru befriends Naoko because she was a link with his best friend but later, his feelings change into love or so he thinks. The author has used the protagonist to represent the contemporary youth who are shy to proclaim their love but are least hesitant to experiment with sex on a casual and

In changes brought by contemporary globalization,in cultural terms,who Essay

In changes brought by contemporary globalization,in cultural terms,who wins and who who loses - Essay Example These changes, though, are the subject of increasing debate. Some find the cultural trends disturbing and dangerous while others praise them as humanity’s march toward a more harmonious and efficient world order. This essay will assume neither approach; the sole purpose of this essay is to identify the winners and the losers in this period of cultural upheaval and change. It will be left for others to decide the implications. As a preliminary matter, cultural globalization most generally refers to the expansion of cross-cultural contacts and relationships. Relationships may be passive or they may be active (Tomlinson, 1999; 14). Passive cross-cultural contacts refer to the receipt of new cultural information and behaviours. There is little interactivity in this regard. For purposes of illustration, this may involve reading foreign newspapers on the internet, watching foreign music videos in the home, or using textbooks written by foreign authors in schools. Active cross-cultural contacts are characterised by interactivity, a real relationship which is established, and is more prone to conflict; being more prone to conflict, therefore, an adversarial context is more likely to arise in a cultural sense and it is here where the winners and the losers are most visible. This might involve the implementation of European standards of corporate social responsibility in Asian countries unaccustomed to such notion s of corporate culture. This might involve tensions caused by the proliferation of non-governmental organizations in countries whose political culture tolerates no extra-governmental criticism or dissent. Both forms of cultural globalization, active and passive, are influential. That said, the biggest winners and the biggest losers tend to be most visible in settings of active cross-cultural globalization. Some of the biggest winners are those whom align themselves with those whom have the power and the desire to homogenise their